Year: 2023 | Month: April | Volume 13 | Issue 2
Subtype Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Cattle and Sheep
Iqra Hussain Shah
Syed Akram Hussain
Mir Nadeem Hassan
Mudasir Ali Rather
Shaheen Farooq
Asif Sofi
Ishraq Hussain
Shubu Showkat
DOI:10.30954/2277-940X.02.2023.20
Abstract:
The present study was conducted to determine stx and eae virulent genes in E .coli and their subtyping during 2021-2022. For
this, One hundred fifty six (156) rectal swab samples from healthy cattle and sheep were investigated for the presence of stx1,
stx2, eae, ehxA and bfp virulence genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In all, 133 Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates
possessed at least one virulence gene targeted. Eighty nine Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates (sixty two
from cattle and twenty seven from sheep) were obtained. STEC were more prevalent in cattle (63.11%) than in sheep (45.76%).
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) were detected from 10 (10.30%) cattle and 1 (1.69%) sheep rectal swab samples.
All the EPEC isolates detected were atypical. Subtype analysis of stx genes in cattle exhibited 18.39% as stx1, 34.48% as stx2
and 18.93 as both stx1 & 2. Similarly, stx analysis in sheep revealed stx1 in 45.65%, stx2 in 6.15% and both stx1 & 2 in 6.15%
isolates. Among 20 (15.03%) eae positive isolates of E. coli recovered from Cattle and Sheep, eaeA gene was found associated
with 16 (18.39%) and 4(8.69%) rectal swab of Cattle and Sheep respectively. Upon intimin subtyping, int-β was detected in 03
(75%) and 04 (25%) while as Int-γ was detected in 01 (25%) and 10 (62.50%) of sheep and cattle rectal swabs respectively. Two
E. coli isolate positive for eae gene form rectal swab of cattle could not be subtyped. The present investigation indicates that
stx1, stx2, stx1&2, eae- β and Int-γ could be common subtypes prevalent in STEC and EPEC strains of healthy cattle and sheep in
India. Statistically, the difference between prevalence of STEC and EPEC in Cattle and Sheep was found significant (p = 0.05).
Highlights
- This article describes the subtyping of stx and eae virulent genes in E.coli.
- The high occurrence of E. coli highlights that the importance of animals as being super-shedders.
- High diversity of STEC, EPEC strains circulating in the animals represents a risk for Public Health.
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